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CNC Tooling, Cutting Parameters & Feeds and Speeds

Everything that touches the cut: tool materials, coatings, geometry, and the cutting parameters (Vc, fz, ap, ae) that actually work on each workpiece material. Written from real shop data — not catalogue copy.

How to use this section. These are shop-floor guides rather than catalogue copy: each one names the parameters, the failure mode they cause, and the correction. Values are cross-checked against ISO and cutting-tool manufacturer data. For the formulas and grade tables, see Feeds and Speeds.
How this section is built Every page follows the same template: a decision table at the top (which tool / which parameter for which job), data tables in the middle (cross-checked against ISO 8688, Sandvik Coromant, Kennametal), and a “common mistakes” block at the end. Each numerical recommendation cites its source.